2019年7月8日 星期一

蔡英文撿槍拾炮 國民黨進退失據


<轉載自201978 明報 社評>

台灣20201月的總統大選選戰開始進入白熱化階段,國民黨將於今日(8日)公布初選民調結果,無論勝出的是韓國瑜還是郭台銘,面對好整以暇的民進黨,國民黨已失先機,特別是在美國暗助蔡英文、香港反《逃犯條例》修訂風暴影響下,國民黨各候選人在兩岸關係議題進退失據,支持度已被蔡英文拋離,若今次初選造成的黨內嫌隙不能迅速修補,則不僅總統選戰告急,連立委選戰亦可能大敗。相反,無黨籍的台北市長柯文哲上周毅然赴上海出席雙城論壇,不迴避「兩岸一家親」等敏感話題,大有取代國民黨的兩岸溝通者角色之勢。

去年11月的台灣「九合一」選舉,民進黨因經濟議題和年金改革而大敗。不料僅過半年就形勢逆轉,除中美關係全面惡化,國家主席習近平在1月「告台灣同胞書發表40周年」的講話,將「九二共識」定義為「和平統一、一國兩制」,提出「探索兩制台灣方案」,令一貫拒絕「九二共識」的民進黨總統蔡英文撿到「第一支槍」。她巧妙地利用民眾焦慮,把「九二共識」與「一國兩制」等同起來,逼一向支持「九二共識」的國民黨表態,將了國民黨一軍;香港爆發的反修例風暴,更讓蔡英文宛如拾到一門「大炮」,完成了一套「捍衛台灣主權」的論述。在此背景下,近期連串涉及兩岸關係的修法相繼通過,如將大陸港澳人士列入「外患罪」、對退休涉密人員「登陸」加強管制、剝奪被指控為所謂「共諜」的軍公教終身俸、增加兩岸政治談判「雙公投」機制等,還有「反滲透法」、「反統戰法」、「代理人登記法」等草案,即將排隊立法。這類被大陸指摘是為「法理台獨」在做鋪墊的「修法台獨」,因有「捍衛民主」、「守護現狀」、「抵制入侵」等包裝,外有美國的縱容支持,內無國民黨的有力制衡,遽然成事。

「抗中牌」主導選戰 國民黨成民進黨「尾巴」

可悲的是,民進黨的「抗中牌」竟完全主導了選戰基調,國民黨的候選人韓國瑜、郭台銘,乃至黨主席吳敦義,都只能跟着喊「拒絕一國兩制」,在蔡英文已將「九二共識」與「一國兩制」畫上等號的情况下,國民黨一邊拒統抗中,一邊又要「九二共識」,顯然是人格分裂,但若想拋棄「九二共識」,民進黨不會讓它得逞,國共關係還會徹底破裂。

另一方面,民進黨速戰速決,6月中旬就結束了黨內初選,蔡英文大勝前行政院長賴清德,令黨內迅速整合,團結力拼2020;國民黨的初選則拖拖拉拉,先是半路殺出郭台銘參選,然後是韓國瑜遲疑初選,最後是王金平退出初選,黨內各派勾心鬥角,初選前高雄市的民調顯示,若郭台銘出線,38%的「韓粉」大選時不會投票,反映藍營分裂危機之深。此消彼長之下,蔡英文的支持度由數月前幾乎低於國民黨所有主要候選人,變成領先群雄。近期各項民調均顯示,無論是面對韓國瑜還是郭台銘,蔡英文都穩操勝券。

在藍綠爭持激烈之際,無黨籍的台北市長柯文哲卻從容淡定,遲遲未宣布參選。雖然民進黨對他極盡「抹紅」,目前民調支持度也低於藍綠主要候選人,但他卻不為所動,上周赴上海出席雙城論壇,並大談「兩岸一家親」、「五個互相」(互相認識、互相了解、互相尊重、互相合作、互相諒解)。

正如柯文哲所說,目前在大陸生活的台灣人有200萬,台灣也住有近40萬大陸配偶,每年更有上百萬大陸旅客到訪台灣,往來如此密切的現實下,雙方更應該維持良好的關係。這番話,既讓北京聽得入耳,也令綠營支持者挑不出毛病。加上他的無黨籍背景、去年九合一選舉力克藍營對手的經歷,都令他不易被「抹紅」。更重要的是,柯文哲似乎正在取代國民黨的兩岸溝通者角色。這與最近新黨加入2020選戰如出一轍,國、民兩大政黨過去最大區隔就是兩岸論述,現在國民黨卻變成了民進黨的「尾巴」,令白色的柯文哲和深藍的新黨都看見了新的機會。

2020台灣大選 或成最後一根稻草

必須看到,2020台灣大選,美國的介入程度空前,日前美國國會通過的《情報授權法》,直接要求國家情報總監在台灣大選後45天內,報告美國「阻止中方介入選舉的行動努力」。民進黨初選時,已有美國出手力挺蔡英文的傳言,隨着選戰進入戲肉,下半年形勢將愈趨複雜。國民黨附和抗中,一方面是要與民進黨搶選票,另一方面也是向美國示好,怕遭華府拋棄。近日美國外交政策全國委員會(NCAFP)發表的一篇閉門會議報告透露,大陸官方與會者曾經表示,民進黨若在2020年繼續執政,可能反而會加速兩岸的統一。這與外界「急獨必然帶來急統」的判斷一致,失去制衡的民進黨若有恃無恐,2020年的台灣大選很可能成為壓斷兩岸關係這一駱駝脊樑的「最後一根稻草」。

Tsai's star is rising

THE lead-up to the Taiwanese presidential election in January 2020 is entering a white-hot state. The Kuomintang (KMT) is to announce today (July 8) the results of the opinion polls for the primary. No matter whether it is Han Kuo-yu or Terry Gou that emerges victorious, the KMT will find that the best moment to create momentum is already lost, as the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) has been approaching the race with perfect composure.

In the "nine-in-one" elections in November last year, the DPP suffered a crushing defeat thanks to economic issues and pension reform. No one could have expected that just half a year later the situation would be completely reversed. The full deterioration of Sino-US relations aside, the speech made by Xi Jinping, the Chinese president, in January also played a part. In the speech, Xi defined the "1992 Consensus" as the "peaceful unification" and "One country, two systems" and suggested "the exploration of a proposal for 'two systems' for Taiwan". Tsai Ing-wen, the president of Taiwan from the DPP who has long rejected the "1992 Consensus", skilfully exploited the anxiety of the people and equated the "1992 Consensus" with "One country, two systems", browbeating the KMT, which has been supportive of the "1992 Consensus", into stating its stance openly. By doing so the DPP has gained the upper hand over the KMT. The outbreak of protests against the amendment of the Fugitive Offenders Ordinance in Hong Kong has even allowed Tsai to complete her political discourse on the "defence of Taiwan's sovereignty".

What is pathetic is that the DPP's "anti-China" card has become the dominant theme of the election. From presidential candidates such as Han and Gou to the party's chairman Wu Den-yih, people from the KMT have had no choice but to follow the lead of the DPP in rejecting "One country, two systems". Tsai has equated the "1992 Consensus" with "One country, two systems". In contrast, the KMT is rejecting both the unification and China, but at the same time continues to support the "1992 Consensus". That makes the KMT looks like someone with a split personality. Even if the KMT abandons the "1992 Consensus", the DPP will not let it have its way, and the KMT will risk a complete breakdown in its relations with the Communist Party.

The DPP has also fought its own battles very swiftly. It concluded its primary in mid-June, with Tsai beating Lai Ching-te, the former Premier of the Republic of China, overwhelmingly. That allowed the party to regain cohesion and unity rapidly in preparation for the presidential election in 2020. The KMT's primary, in contrast, looks like a long and sluggish saga. First Gou announced his candidacy out of the blue. Then Han expressed hesitation in joining the primary. Finally, Wang Jin-pyng withdrew his campaign. Different factions within the party scheme against each other. Opinion polls conducted in Kaohsiung prior to the primary show that if Gou is nominated, 38 percent of Han's supporters will not cast their votes, showing how deep the divisions are within the party. The fall of the KMT translates into the rise of Tsai, whose approval rating was once lower than almost every prominent candidate from the KMT but is now ahead of all her adversaries. All opinion polls conducted recently show that the campaign is hers to lose no matter whether she faces Han or Gou.

Recently the National Committee on American Foreign Policy (NCAFP) of the US published a report on a closed-door meeting. According to the report, attendees of the meeting from the Chinese government said that if the DPP remained in power in 2020, it could actually speed up the unification of mainland China and Taiwan. This is in line with the views of observers from the outside — that "a hasty attempt to seek independence will hasten unification". If a DPP free from any constraints acts recklessly, the 2020 election can be the straw that breaks the camel's back, ruining the relations between both sides of the strait.

蔡英文撿槍拾炮 國民黨進退失據

台灣20201月的總統大選選戰開始進入白熱化階段,國民黨將於今日(8日)公布初選民調結果,無論勝出的是韓國瑜還是郭台銘,面對好整以暇的民進黨,國民黨已失先機。

去年11月的台灣「九合一」選舉,民進黨因經濟議題和年金改革而大敗。不料僅過半年就形勢逆轉,除中美關係全面惡化,國家主席習近平在1月的講話,將「九二共識」定義為「和平統一、一國兩制」,提出「探索兩制台灣方案」,一貫拒絕「九二共識」的民進黨總統蔡英文巧妙地利用民眾焦慮,把「九二共識」與「一國兩制」等同起來,逼一向支持「九二共識」的國民黨表態,將了國民黨一軍;香港爆發的反修例風暴,更讓蔡英文完成了一套「捍衛台灣主權」的論述。

可悲的是,民進黨的「抗中牌」竟完全主導了選戰基調,國民黨的候選人韓國瑜、郭台銘,乃至黨主席吳敦義,都只能跟着喊「拒絕一國兩制」,在蔡英文已將「九二共識」與「一國兩制」畫上等號的情况下,國民黨一邊拒統抗中,一邊又要「九二共識」,顯然是人格分裂,但若想拋棄「九二共識」,民進黨不會讓它得逞,國共關係還會徹底破裂。

另一方面,民進黨速戰速決,6月中旬就結束了黨內初選,蔡英文大勝前行政院長賴清德,令黨內迅速整合,團結力拼2020;國民黨的初選則拖拖拉拉,先是半路殺出郭台銘參選,然後是韓國瑜遲疑初選,最後是王金平退出初選,黨內各派勾心鬥角,初選前高雄市的民調顯示,若郭台銘出線,38%的「韓粉」大選時不會投票,反映藍營分裂危機之深。此消彼長之下,蔡英文的支持度由數月前幾乎低於國民黨所有主要候選人,變成領先群雄。近期各項民調均顯示,無論是面對韓國瑜還是郭台銘,蔡英文都穩操勝券。

近日美國外交政策全國委員會(NCAFP)發表的一篇閉門會議報告透露,大陸官方與會者曾經表示,民進黨若在2020年繼續執政,可能反而會加速兩岸的統一。這與外界「急獨必然帶來急統」的判斷一致,失去制衡的民進黨若有恃無恐,2020年的台灣大選很可能成為壓斷兩岸關係這一駱駝脊樑的「最後一根稻草」。

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