<轉載自2020年4月22日 明報 社評>
國務院港澳辦一連發出3篇聲明,強調中央有權力有責任維護香港憲制秩序。過去一年本港政治形勢遽變,泛民中央走上攤牌之路,中港關係緊繃,一國兩制何去何從,令人憂心。一國兩制行穩致遠,關鍵在各守分際,港人治港高度自治必須堅持,香港也不能成為顛覆基地。香港政局來到轉折點,各方對形勢發展各有判斷。今年立法會選舉,民主派力爭過半議席,有機會實現,有人主張「政治攬炒」,一邊癱瘓立法會和政府運作,一邊借助外部勢力,逼中央讓步,然而看在中央眼裏,大有可能視之為顛覆破壞「一國」。對於任何國家來說,國家安全都有絕對凌駕性,沒有妥協空間。以國家安全作為政治要脅籌碼,不惜一切硬撼,隨時粉身碎骨,民主自由皆化為幻影。
癱瘓政府立會運作 「政治攬炒」藍圖浮現
中央「兩辦」(港澳辦及中聯辦)就香港政治事件表達立場,引來不少關注。泛民質疑中聯辦干預香港事務,違反《基本法》22條;中聯辦反駁,「兩辦」不屬於22條所指的「中央人民政府所屬各部門」,有權代表中央對港行使監督權。 昨天國務院港澳辦更一口氣發出3篇聲明,強調中央授予特區高度自治權,不代表中央沒有或放棄監督權,如果出現嚴重影響一國兩制方針和基本法全面準確實施的情况,損害國家和香港根本利益,中央就必須過問。港澳辦還再次點名公民黨立法會議員郭榮鏗等人,「惡意造成內委會停擺」衝擊憲制秩序,「中央怎能坐視不理」。
去年反修例風暴,將中央與香港關係推向空前緊張狀態,泛民視之為一場爭取自由民主的抗爭,在中央眼中,卻是有人想借助外部勢力,策動顏色革命奪權甚至尋求港獨,突顯香港在國際鬥爭新形勢之下,已成為國家安全的重大漏洞缺口。中央與泛民對同一件事乃至同一句口號認知迥異,對於未來局勢走向和打算,看法更是南轅北轍,種種迹象都顯示,雙方正準備硬撼。去年中共十九屆四中全會,強調建立特區維護國家安全的法律制度和執行機制。由今年初「兩辦」人事和架構改組,到現在透過「兩辦」行使監督權,中央因應香港新形勢,逐步開展部署,一邊擴大「一國」權力,一邊設法為特區政府注入更多政治能量,抵禦衝擊;特區政府傳出改組消息,某程度亦是希望透過換血換人,嘗試提振管治能量。
泛民方面,去年區議會選舉大捷不過是「前菜」,今年9月立法會選舉才是主戰場,泛民躊躇滿志,力爭一舉奪下立法會過半議席。觀乎目前形勢,「泛民過半」雖有難度,然而並非不可能,有泛民中人甚至已提出未來「政治攬炒」藍圖,不僅要癱瘓立法會,就連財政預算案等也要統統否決,令特區政府無法運作,倘若中央出手、立法會解散,則發動大規模抗爭,同時爭取外部勢力介入向北京施壓。類似的主張,一兩年前也許是天方夜譚,可是香港局勢來到這一刻,誰也不敢排除泛民與中央「曬冷」攤牌,香港一國兩制能否經得起這樣的政治折騰,叫人憂心不已。
一國兩制是矛盾統一體,中央承諾港人治港和高度自治,保持香港原有制度和生活方式「五十年不變」,同時要求香港不能成為威脅國家安全的「顛覆基地」。當年鄧小平提出一國兩制,不是單單為了港人利益,而是一項在符合國家利益大前提下,同時亦對香港有利的政策方針。一國兩制若要行穩致遠,各方都要明白各自局限、各守分際,若沒有合作之心,只有對抗之意,一國兩制很難不走樣不變形。當下國際形勢波譎雲詭,中美角力白熱化,也許真的有人以為,美國等外部勢力,可以成為香港自由民主甚至獨立的「堅實後盾」,然而每個國家最關心的,只是如何伸張自身國家利益,香港淪為美國對付中國的「棋子」,最終是死是活,外部勢力不會真的關心在意。
過去七八年,泛民與中央的博弈愈演愈烈,押上的「政治注碼」亦愈來愈大。香港是國際金融中心,近廿多年一直是中國對外的重要經貿金融窗口,「佔領運動」提出之初,最大目標也是癱瘓中環這個金融中樞,作為向中央爭取理想普選方案的籌碼,只是其後事態發展,跟各方想像相去甚遠,最終也達不到目標。去年反修例風暴爆發,形勢不斷推移演變,部分人似乎覺得「國家安全」是中央痛處,「美國牌」、「港獨牌」都是可以借助的工具,對小撮人而言甚至是目標,然而這類想法極其危險,不僅有可能毁掉一國兩制,還會令香港走上絕路。
國家安全沒妥協餘地 港淪顛覆基地必硬撼
國家利益林林總總,各國不盡相同,然而國家安全一定最優先,凌駕一切考慮,沒有妥協餘地,為了維護國家安全,什麼事都有可能發生。以大事小唯仁,以小事大唯智。以國家安全作為要脅,以為這是最能令對手叫痛的政治籌碼,跟玩火無異,隨時粉身碎骨,肯定不是明智之舉。目前泛民主流傾向無視兩制局限,發展下去,對香港整體極其不利。
當年鄧小平闡述一國兩制,提到回歸後香港人可以罵中共罵中國,「但是如果變成行動,要把香港變成一個在民主幌子下反對大陸的基地」,那就非干預不行。從中央角度看,有人正以「兩制」挑戰「一國」,甚至為港獨力量張目。「政治攬炒」是死路一條,北京不會容許香港成為顛覆基地,也不會在國安要脅下讓步,但願各方都能臨崖勒馬,避免出現最壞的硬撼局面。
Editorial : Hong Kong and national security
THE Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office (HKMAO) of the State Council has
released three statements in rapid succession, stressing that the central
government has the power and responsibility to maintain the constitutional
order of Hong Kong. Over the past year, the political situation in Hong Kong
has undergone a radical change, with the pan-democrats and the central
government on the road to a showdown. As the relationship between China and
Hong Kong has become strained, where "One country, two systems" will
be headed is a deeply worrying question.
The HKMAO and the Liaison Office have expressed their stance on a
political event in Hong Kong. This has attracted quite a lot of concern. The
pan-democrats argue that the Liaison Office's interference in Hong Kong affairs
is in violation of Article 22 of the Basic Law. The Liaison Office rebutted the
charge by saying that the two offices are not among the "departments of
the Central Government" and their "offices" mentioned in Article
22 of the Basic Law, and that they are entrusted with the exercise of supervisory
power over Hong Kong by the central government. Yesterday (April 21) the HKMAO
even released three statements in rapid succession to stress that the fact that
the central government has bestowed a high degree of autonomy on the SAR
government does not mean that the central government does not possess or has
given up supervisory power. If there is a situation in which the direction of
"One country, two systems" and the full and accurate implementation
of the Basic Law have been severely affected, so much so that China and Hong
Kong's fundamental interests are harmed, the central government must take up
the matter. The HKMAO has even named Dennis Kwok, a lawmaker from the Civic
Party, and some others, again, saying that their "ill-intentioned attempt
to paralyse the House Committee" is a blow to the constitutional order and
"the central government cannot sit back and do nothing".
The anti-amendment storm last year has brought tensions between the
central government and Hong Kong to an all-time high. The pan-democrats see it
as a fight for freedom and democracy. As far as the central government is
concerned, it is an attempt by some people to take advantage of external forces
to orchestrate a "colour revolution" to seize power or even seek independence.
This shows that in the new situation of international rivalry, Hong Kong has
become a major loophole in national security. As the central government and
pan-democrats have divergent views on an event or even a slogan and are very
different in their views on the future directions and intentions, every sign
shows that they are heading for a showdown. At the fourth plenary session of
the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China last year, the
establishment of a legal system and mechanism in the HKSAR for safeguarding
national security was stressed. The personnel change and structural reform in
the two offices early this year and the exercise of supervisory power through
the two offices show that the central government is gradually carrying out its
plan in accordance with the new situation in Hong Kong. On the one hand, it is
expanding the power of "One country". On the other hand, it is
finding ways to inject more political energy into the SAR government to buffer
against impacts. Reports have emerged of a cabinet reshuffle, which could be to
an extent an attempt to give a boost to the SAR government's power of
governance with a personnel change.
For the pan-democrats, the landslide victory in the district council
elections last year was only the beginning. The legislative council elections
in September will be the main battle. The pan-democrats are full of ambitions
and are attempting to gain a majority in Legco. As things stand, a
pan-democratic majority is difficult but not impossible.
A political "scorched earth" policy is a blind alley. Beijing
will never allow Hong Kong to become a base for subversion. Nor will it
compromise on national security. It is hoped that all sides will bring
themselves back from the brink so as to prevent the worst-case scenario of a
showdown.
香港局勢涉國家安全 攬炒操作絕無好結果
國務院港澳辦一連發出3篇聲明,強調中央有權力有責任維護香港憲制秩序。過去一年本港政治形勢遽變,泛民中央走上攤牌之路,中港關係緊繃,一國兩制何去何從,令人憂心。
中央「兩辦」(港澳辦及中聯辦)就香港政治事件表達立場,引來不少關注。泛民質疑中聯辦干預香港事務,違反《基本法》22條;中聯辦反駁,「兩辦」不屬於22條所指的「中央人民政府所屬各部門」,有權代表中央對港行使監督權。 昨天國務院港澳辦更一口氣發出3篇聲明,強調中央授予特區高度自治權,不代表中央沒有或放棄監督權,如果出現嚴重影響一國兩制方針和基本法全面準確實施的情况,損害國家和香港根本利益,中央就必須過問。港澳辦還再次點名公民黨立法會議員郭榮鏗等人,「惡意造成內委會停擺」衝擊憲制秩序,「中央怎能坐視不理」。
去年反修例風暴,將中央與香港關係推向空前緊張狀態,泛民視之為一場爭取自由民主的抗爭,在中央眼中,卻是有人想借助外部勢力,策動顏色革命奪權甚至尋求港獨,突顯香港在國際鬥爭新形勢之下,已成為國家安全的重大漏洞缺口。中央與泛民對同一件事乃至同一句口號認知迥異,對於未來局勢走向和打算,看法更是南轅北轍,種種迹象都顯示,雙方正準備硬撼。去年中共十九屆四中全會,強調建立特區維護國家安全的法律制度和執行機制。由今年初「兩辦」人事和架構改組,到現在透過「兩辦」行使監督權,中央因應香港新形勢,逐步開展部署,一邊擴大「一國」權力,一邊設法為特區政府注入更多政治能量,抵禦衝擊;特區政府傳出改組消息,某程度亦是希望透過換血換人,嘗試提振管治能量。
泛民方面,去年區議會選舉大捷不過是「前菜」,今年9月立法會選舉才是主戰場,泛民躊躇滿志,力爭一舉奪下立法會過半議席。觀乎目前形勢,「泛民過半」雖有難度,然而並非不可能。
「政治攬炒」是死路一條,北京不會容許香港成為顛覆基地,也不會在國安要脅下讓步,但願各方都能臨崖勒馬,避免出現最壞的硬撼局面。
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