「不為別人過錯道歉」 菲總統有雙重標準

<轉載自 2013年10月9日 明報 社評>

特首梁振英在印尼峇里島與菲律賓總統阿基諾三世會晤，談港人人質被殺事件，只是阿基諾三世堅持強硬立場，拒絕就事件道歉；若菲方不調整立場，即使港菲高層官員將商討此事，對此事之妥善解決，不能抱過高期望。人質事件若懸而不決，不但港菲關係難以重回正軌，對整體中國與菲律賓的關係，也是一條刺，除非北京對中菲關係有更高層次考慮，否則適宜對菲律賓施加更大壓力，促使菲國配合港府的努力，盡快徹底解決人質事件，使中菲和港菲關係走出事件的陰影。

阿基諾三世歸咎槍手殺人 調查報告指官員闖禍

梁振英與阿基諾三世會晤，這是慘劇發生3年以來，港菲最高層首次面對面談及此事，即使阿基諾三世堅持不道歉，但是梁振英與政府對事件持續關注，今次會晤還促成港菲高層官員商討此事，雖然不宜有過高期望，不過，只要持續有接觸，事態或許仍有轉圜餘地，所以，梁振英和政府的努力值得肯定。

阿基諾三世表示，「因為別人的過錯而道歉，有違菲律賓人文化」，就人質事件，「別人的過錯」是指發動挾持人質的槍手門多薩。菲律賓人即使有這樣的文化，阿基諾三世的說法仍有問題。因為事件導致港人8死7傷，門多薩固然有責任，但是事態發展導致重大傷亡，主要是主事官員剛愎自用和指揮救援行動警官犯了嚴重錯誤的結果。菲律賓司法部長德利馬主持的人質事件調查委員會報告，對部分官員提出嚴厲批評，建議起訴或行政處分多名官員，包括當時的馬尼拉市長林雯洛、前任馬尼拉警察總長馬格貝蒂和多名高級警官。

德利馬的報告批評林雯洛未按法規要求成立及運作危機管理委員會，導致沒有情報蒐集、沒有心理專家、沒有媒體管理，又錯誤下令拘捕槍手弟弟，激怒槍手，甚至在關鍵時刻去了吃飯而使指揮陷於真空等，情節極其荒謬，被認為是導致事件以血腥悲劇終結的主要原因。當時菲國傳媒曾報道，報告原本建議刑事起訴林雯洛，但是經阿基諾三世改動之後，只把林雯洛「交內政部就其失當及失職作行政處分」， 其他一些官員的處分亦獲減緩，使問責變為卸責。

阿基諾三世「放生」犯錯官員的原因，港人不知道，若按他的邏輯，可以解讀為「菲律賓人只會為自己的過錯道歉」，但是林雯洛等人錯誤嚴重明顯，卻拒絕認錯，遑論道歉，這種集體乖離文明社會同理心的取態，是否與阿基諾三世有關，值得咀嚼。

阿基諾三世作為國家元首，若他統率下的政府和管治的人民犯了錯誤，使其他國家地區的人民遭到磨難，則他代表菲國概括承擔責任，根本是應有之義。人質事件，菲國官員錯誤之大、責任之明顯、港人傷亡之嚴重，阿基諾三世以「菲律賓人文化」為說辭，拒絕道歉，可能他自我感覺良好，但是在總統帶領下死不認錯，卻使菲律賓失去了一次自我提升的機會。

菲軍殺台漁民 菲警害死港人 阿基諾三世欺軟怕硬

另外，菲律賓人真的不會為了別人的過錯而道歉？事實並非如此。今年5月發生的台灣漁船「廣大興事件」，菲國船艦指廣大興越界捕魚，追捕之下，漁民洪石成雖然躲在船艙，仍然被菲國軍人亂槍射殺。台灣當局高調強硬應對，先後推出兩輪制裁，包括停止輸入菲國外勞等，最終迫使菲律賓讓步。事發後約3個月，馬尼拉經濟文化辦事處（MECO）理事主席培瑞斯到台灣，就事件代表阿基諾三世親赴屏東向洪石成家屬就洪家痛失親人的不幸，表達菲律賓總統及人民深切遺憾與歉意（deep regret and apology）。

若按阿基諾三世對人質事件的邏輯，菲國軍人槍殺台灣漁民，只是有關人員犯了錯誤，與他何干，為何要派特使到台表達「深切遺憾與歉意」。人質事件死了8名港人，他們因為菲國警察低質無能，在旅遊巴車廂歷經漫長磨難，最終遇害，香港市民透過熒幕看到同胞在槍林彈雨中無助地掙扎，心理上也蒙受極大震撼。人質事件事態和情節的嚴重程度，港人所承受衝擊，與「廣大興事件」對台灣民的相比，肯定不會較輕微，然則台灣值得阿基諾三世道歉，香港卻得不到同樣對待，除了雙重標準以外，沒有更恰當答案。若港人在人質事件表現較溫和冷靜，未有如台灣朝野的敵愾同仇，就得不到一句道歉，那麼只是說明阿基諾三世的識見與氣度，與政治家相比，差之遠矣！

 

梁振英在峇里島獲國家主席習近平接見時，提到人質事件，據他轉述，習近平責成有關部門跟進這件事。本港在人質事件，未若台灣就「廣大興事件」擺出強硬姿態，不能諱言與要顧全中菲大局有關，但是若因此被菲方利用，使港人得不到應有對待，則中央政府應該思考另闢蹊徑，協助香港討回公道，使問題得以解決，掃除中菲關係、港菲關係的障礙。事件死難者家屬提出的4個訴求：道歉、賠償、懲處和保證這類事件日後不發生，合情合理，若北京對菲國採取軟硬兼施策略，相信較有可能使阿基諾三世改變立場。

Editorial

Aquino's double standards

AT his meeting with Philippine President Benigno Aquino III in Bali, Indonesia, Chief Executive (CE) Leung Chun-ying talked about the Manila hostage incident, in which some Hong Kong citizens were killed. Aquino flatly refused to apologise. Nevertheless, Leung and the SAR government have continued to concern themselves with the matter and, owing to that meeting, Hong Kong and Philippine top officials will continue to discuss it. Though one should not pin high hopes on their talks, the situation may take a turn as long as the two sides remain in touch with each other. Therefore, Leung and the SAR government deserve commendation for their efforts.

Aquino said it was against the Philippine culture to apologise for another's fault. In the case of the Manila hostage incident, the party at fault is supposed to be Rolando Mendoza, the gunman who took Hong Kong visitors hostage. Even if that culture exists in the Philippines, what Aquino said is suspect. In the incident, eight Hong Kong citizens were killed, and seven others injured. Mendoza was of course to blame. However, many Hong Kong citizens were killed or injured mainly because the officials in charge were obstinate and self-willed and the police officers who directed the rescue operation made grave mistakes.

Is it true that Filipino people do not apologise for another's fault? No, it isn't. In May this year a Philippine Coast Guard petrol boat chased after Guang Da Xing, a Taiwan fishing boat said to have entered Philippine waters. Fisherman Hong Shi-cheng was shot to death though he hid in a cabin. Adopting a high profile and taking a tough stance on the issue, the Taiwan government imposed two rounds of sanctions against the Philippines. For example, Taiwan stopped taking in domestic helpers from the country. It eventually managed to compel the country to give in. Three months after the incident had happened, Manila Economic and Cultural Office director Amadeo Perez Jr went as Aquino's envoy to Pingtung, Taiwan, to offer Hong's family his condolences on their sad bereavement and convey to them the Philippine president's and people's deep regret and apology.

By the logic Aquino used when he talked about the Manila hostage incident, it had nothing to do with him that Philippine officers shot Hong to death. It was those officers that were at fault. Why then did he have his envoy go to Taiwan to convey his "deep regret and apology"? Eight Hong Kong citizens died in the Manila hostage incident. They were killed after much suffering in the coach because Philippine police officers were incompetent. Hong Kong people were greatly shocked when they saw on television their fellow citizens helplessly struggle amid hails of bullets. The Manila hostage incident was so horrendous that it certainly impacted on Hong Kong people no less severely than the Guang Da Xing incident did on Taiwan people. However, though Taiwan deserved Aquino's apology, Hong Kong should not be treated similarly. Why? The reason is that Aquino applies double standards. Than that there is no better answer.

At his audience with President Xi Jinping in Bali, Leung mentioned to him the hostage incident. According to the CE, Xi has instructed the authorities concerned to follow the matter up. Hong Kong has not taken a tough stand on the hostage incident as Taiwan did on the Guang Da Xing incident because it must have regard to Sino-Philippine relations. There is no denying that. However, if the Philippines takes such advantage of this factor that Hong Kong is denied what it should have, the central authorities should find other ways to help it to get justice, end the matter and remove what may impede the improvement of Sino-Philippine or Hong Kong-Philippine relations. The families of the victims demand that the Philippine government do four things - apologise, pay compensation, punish the culprits and see that no similar things will happen. Their demands are just and reasonable. We believe Beijing can better make Aquino alter his stance if it adopts a carrot and stick approach.

明報社評 2013.10.09﹕「不為別人過錯道歉」 菲總統有雙重標準

特首梁振英在印尼峇里島與菲律賓總統阿基諾三世會晤，談港人人質被殺事件，阿基諾三世堅持不道歉，但是梁振英與政府對事件持續關注，今次會晤還促成港菲高層官員商討此事，雖然不宜有過高期望，不過，只要持續有接觸，事態或許仍有轉圜餘地，所以，梁振英和政府的努力值得肯定。

阿基諾三世表示，「因為別人的過錯而道歉，有違菲律賓人文化」，就人質事件，「別人的過錯」是指發動挾持人質的槍手門多薩。菲律賓人即使有這樣的文化，阿基諾三世的說法仍有問題。因為事件導致港人8死7傷，門多薩固然有責任，但是事態發展導致重大傷亡，主要是主事官員剛愎自用和指揮救援行動警官犯了嚴重錯誤的結果。

另外，菲律賓人真的不會為了別人的過錯而道歉？事實並非如此。今年5月發生的台灣漁船「廣大興事件」，菲國船艦指廣大興越界捕魚，追捕之下，漁民洪石成雖然躲在船艙，仍然被菲國軍人亂槍射殺。台灣當局高調強硬應對，先後推出兩輪制裁，包括停止輸入菲國外勞等，最終迫使菲律賓讓步。事發後約3個月，馬尼拉經濟文化辦事處（MECO）理事主席培瑞斯到台灣，就事件代表阿基諾三世親赴屏東向洪石成家屬就洪家痛失親人的不幸，表達菲律賓總統及人民深切遺憾與歉意（deep regret and apology）。

若按阿基諾三世對人質事件的邏輯，菲國軍人槍殺台灣漁民，只是有關人員犯了錯誤，與他何干，為何要派特使到台表達「深切遺憾與歉意」。人質事件死了8名港人，他們因為菲國警察低質無能，在旅遊巴車廂歷經漫長磨難，最終遇害，香港市民透過熒幕看到同胞在槍林彈雨中無助地掙扎，心理上也蒙受極大震撼。人質事件事態和情節的嚴重程度，港人所承受衝擊，與「廣大興事件」對台灣民的相比，肯定不會較輕微，然則台灣值得阿基諾三世道歉，香港卻得不到同樣對待，除了雙重標準以外，沒有更恰當答案。

梁振英在峇里島獲國家主席習近平接見時，提到人質事件，據他轉述，習近平責成有關部門跟進這件事。本港在人質事件，未若台灣就「廣大興事件」擺出強硬姿態，不能諱言與要顧全中菲大局有關，但是若因此被菲方利用，使港人得不到應有對待，則中央政府應該思考另闢蹊徑，協助香港討回公道，使問題得以解決，掃除中菲關係、港菲關係的障礙。事件死難者家屬提出的4個訴求：道歉、賠償、懲處和保證這類事件日後不發生，合情合理，若北京對菲國採取軟硬兼施策略，相信較有可能使阿基諾三世改變立場。