<轉載自2023年4月25日 明報 社評>
行政長官李家超率領5名司局長及83名立法會議員,完成4天大灣區考察返港。香港融入國家發展大局,大灣區是重要切入點,知己知彼,才能通力合作。今次是特區當局歷來規格最高、規模最大的大灣區考察團,對於加深香港與大灣區其他城市的了解與聯繫,具有積極意義。香港參與大灣區建設,最重要是擺正心態,不應自我膨脹,亦不應妄自菲薄。過去10多年,深圳、東莞、佛山、廣州等地發展迅速,別人成功的經驗,當然值得香港借鑑;與此同時,特區官員議員亦要認清香港的角色、定位及強弱,多從大灣區整體發展高度,思考分工互補問題,避免本位主義又或東施效顰。
互補共贏擺正心態 香港毋須妄自菲薄
特區當局這次考察大灣區,3天半行程相當充實,除了與穗深莞佛4市領導會晤,也安排了很多參觀交流活動,當中又以考察創科及市政設施為主。造訪龍頭科技企業方面,考察團分別去了深圳的騰迅、大疆及比亞迪汽車基地,東莞的華為研發基地,以及佛山兩間機械人生產公司;市政、文化保育及青年發展方面,考察團造訪了東莞的華陽湖國家濕地公園及鰜魚洲文創園、深圳的前海深港青年夢工場及活化古蹟景點南頭古城、佛山的嶺南天地、廣州的瀝滘地下式淨水廠,等等。
今次是香港與內地通關復常以來,立法會議員第一次集體往內地訪問參觀,絕大多數議員都有參與,這在以往政治壁壘分明、行政立法關係劍拔弩張時期,可說難以想像。2017年,國家發改委與粵港澳三地政府在香港簽署協議,為大灣區建設訂下合作目標及框架。回看這6年,香港參與大灣區發展,先後受政治社會環境及疫情影響,進展緩慢,蹉跎歲月,現在確須快馬加鞭追落後。行政長官李家超昨天總結行程,談及「三成果三體會」,當中亦提到要「追時間、追結果和追前列」。
這十年八載,深穗莞佛發展一日千里,經濟增長可觀,創科產業興旺。以東莞為例,當地早已不是港商設廠、聲色犬馬之地,過去10多年轉型升級成功,令東莞一躍成為大灣區內一個科技重鎮,既有國家級實驗室,華為亦將基地遷往當地。這次特區考察團參觀「華為小鎮」等地方,恍若劉姥姥入大觀園,某程度上反映香港與內地過去隔閡實在太多,以至太不了解其他大灣區城市發展狀况,當局這次考察,對於鼓勵港人重新認識深穗莞佛,具有積極意義。
香港與內地交流合作,過去長期受歷史、文化、政治及意識形態因素影響,很多人心態都沒有擺正。有些人抱着「高人一等」心態,認為香港比內地優越,合作等於「益」內地,有些人更是壓根兒抗拒內地,處處都要高築「防火牆」;有些人則懷疑中央政策不過是「高大空」政治口號,嘴上說配合,實際不作為;亦有些人抱着「拿着數」心態,希望中央多給香港好處,一些要求甚至是「利己損人」。這些心態所折射的是本位主義以己為尊,以及對內地發展不了解。現在香港融入國家發展大局,最重要是擺正心態。大灣區建設,重點在於優勢互補、互利共贏。香港不應自驕自傲,也不應因為這幾年發展不如意,便妄自菲薄,只懂羨慕別人。
發揮香港所長 結合灣區所需
比亞迪及騰訊均為深圳龍頭科技企業,前者是實體經濟典範,後者是數字經濟先驅。香港要成為國際創科中心,可以借鑑深圳經驗,但如何培養明星級創科企業,必須考慮香港獨特環境及優勢所在。舉例說,汽車工業發展佔地多,香港在這方面局限太大,就算一些相關研究有成,亦必須結合內地生產;相比之下,發展生物科技及醫藥,便較為適合香港。
考察比亞迪期間,不少議員對「雲巴」甚感興趣,主張在東九龍引入,土力工程處前處長陳健碩則認為,東九龍已發展地區密度極高,看不到建設架空運輸系統的可行性。「雲巴」捷運系統有其優點,但是否適合移植到東九龍,始終要研究,不能想當然;就算原則上可行,亦可能要兼顧本地特殊環境,正如政府試驗引入比亞迪電動的士,惟本港山多斜坡多,供港使用的電動的士,上斜能力須特別強,才適合本地環境。
大灣區發展,重點既然是優勢互補、分工合作,香港當然先要知己知彼。特區當局這次考察,首務是加深了解區內其他城市,認清各自定位及優勢,為日後政策對接、科研產業對接、攜手共建灣區鋪路,不能止於觀摩見識,又或只想着引入哪些內地硬件設施。考察團此行其中一站,是到東莞參觀機管局的「香港國際機場物流園」先導計劃設施,有關計劃是全球首個直達機場禁區的跨境海空聯運項目,能為大灣區貨物提供無縫便捷的國際空運網絡,這正是一個發揮香港所長、結合灣區需要的項目;香港強於科研,內地則有完善產業鏈,加強合作對接,同樣大有可為。內地機械人技術發展迅速,在專業及標準化上都有很大突破,但現時本港在引入機械人方面,不少標準仍「墨守成規」只跟外國。解決有關問題,比起討論是否引入建築工程機械人,其實更為迫切。
Stop Envying, Hong Kong:
Utilise Your Advantages
Led by Chief Executive
John Lee, five senior ministers and 83 Legislative Council members have
completed a four-day survey tour to the Greater Bay Area (GBA) and returned to
Hong Kong.
During this GBA visit,
the SAR authorities had a rather packed schedule. In addition to meetings with
officials of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan, the delegation also
participated in many visits and exchanges, mainly to study innovation and
technology as well as municipal facilities.
In 2017, the National
Development and Reform Commission and the governments of Guangdong, Hong Kong
and Macao signed an agreement in Hong Kong to set cooperation goals and a
framework for the construction of the GBA. Looking back over the past six
years, Hong Kong has made slow progress in participating in the GBA's development,
initially due to the city's sociopolitical environment and later because of
COVID. Having let the grass grow under its feet, Hong Kong must work flat out
to catch up now. Chief Executive John Lee mentioned the need to "catch up
with time, results and prospects" as well, when concluding yesterday (24
April) that the trip had offered "three outcomes and three
understandings".
Over the past decade or
so, the development of Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan and Foshan has been rapid.
Their economic growth has been considerable, and the innovation and technology
industry is thriving there. Dongguan, for example, is no longer somewhere for
Hong Kong merchants to set up factories or a rowdy area for entertainment. It
has transformed and upgraded successfully during the past 10 years or so,
becoming one of the technology hubs within the GBA with national-level
laboratories and Huawei's relocated base.
A wide-eyed SAR
delegation has found wonder visiting places such as "Huawei Town". To
some extent, this reflects that there were too many barriers between Hong Kong
and mainland China in the past and that knowledge of other GBA cities'
development is way too lacking. This visit by the authorities was a positive
step in encouraging people in Hong Kong to refresh their understanding of
Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan and Foshan.
Hong Kong's exchanges
and cooperation with mainland China were long influenced by historical,
cultural, political and ideological factors. The mentality of many people
reflects sectionalism, self-centredness and a lack of understanding towards the
development of the mainland. Now that Hong Kong is integrated into the national
development scheme, the most important thing is to straighten out the mindset.
The focus of the GBA's development is on complementarity and mutual benefits.
While Hong Kong should not be arrogant, it should not abase itself and only
envy others because of its unrealised development in recent years either.
To become an
international centre of innovation and technology, Hong Kong can learn from
Shenzhen's experience. Yet to cultivate top-tier innovation and technology
enterprises, Hong Kong must consider its unique environment and advantages. For
example, developing the motor vehicle industry requires a lot of land. Over
this, Hong Kong has its hands tightly tied. Even if the city succeeds in
related research, it must be combined with production in mainland China. In
contrast, the development of biotechnology and pharmaceuticals is more suitable
for Hong Kong.
Given that the development
of the GBA focuses on complementarity and regional cooperation, Hong Kong must
first understand itself and others. In the SAR authorities' visit this time,
the priority was deepening their understanding of other cities in the area and
recognising each city's respective position and advantages. This will pave the
way for future cooperation over their policies, scientific research industries
and the GBA construction. The trip should not be limited to broadening horizons
or simply thinking about importing hardware facilities from mainland China.
考察灣區知己知彼 臨淵羨魚不如結網
行政長官李家超率領5名司局長及83名立法會議員,完成4天大灣區考察返港。
特區當局這次考察大灣區,行程相當充實,除了與穗深莞佛4市領導會晤,也安排了很多參觀交流活動,當中又以考察創科及市政設施為主。
2017年,國家發改委與粵港澳三地政府在香港簽署協議,為大灣區建設訂下合作目標及框架。回看這6年,香港參與大灣區發展,先後受政治社會環境及疫情影響,進展緩慢,蹉跎歲月,現在確須快馬加鞭追落後。行政長官李家超昨天總結行程,談及「三成果三體會」,當中亦提到要「追時間、追結果和追前列」。
這十年八載,深穗莞佛發展一日千里,經濟增長可觀,創科產業興旺。以東莞為例,當地早已不是港商設廠、聲色犬馬之地,過去10多年轉型升級成功,令東莞一躍成為大灣區內一個科技重鎮,既有國家級實驗室,華為亦將基地遷往當地。
這次特區考察團參觀「華為小鎮」等地方,恍若劉姥姥入大觀園,某程度上反映香港與內地過去隔閡實在太多,以至太不了解其他大灣區城市發展狀况,當局這次考察,對於鼓勵港人重新認識深穗莞佛,具有積極意義。
香港與內地交流合作,過去長期受歷史、文化、政治及意識形態因素影響,很多人心態所折射的是本位主義以己為尊,以及對內地發展不了解。現在香港融入國家發展大局,最重要是擺正心態。大灣區建設,重點在於優勢互補、互利共贏。香港不應自驕自傲,也不應因為這幾年發展不如意,便妄自菲薄,只懂羨慕別人。
香港要成為國際創科中心,可以借鑑深圳經驗,但如何培養明星級創科企業,必須考慮香港獨特環境及優勢所在。舉例說,汽車工業發展佔地多,香港在這方面局限太大,就算一些相關研究有成,亦必須結合內地生產;相比之下,發展生物科技及醫藥,便較為適合香港。
大灣區發展,重點既然是優勢互補、分工合作,香港當然先要知己知彼。特區當局這次考察,首務是加深了解區內其他城市,認清各自定位及優勢,為日後政策對接、科研產業對接、攜手共建灣區鋪路,不能止於觀摩見識,又或只想着引入哪些內地硬件設施。